Gas carburetor



Nov. 15, 1932. H. T. DYER 1,888,074

GAS CARBURETOR Filed D60. 6, 1927 H 1 INVENTOR.

fla/e/icf W25? Ora? BY W'L'SMM/ I A TTORNEYS.

Patented Nov, 15, 1932 Hermon TYLER IiYER OFoREE-NWICH, oonmao'rrcur.

ens omnunn'ron Application flied December 6, 1927. 'Seri a1-No. 2:3 8 ,O15L I f This invention relates to the production of illuminating or combustible gas and particulady to the enriching, of gas byaddition of hydrocarbons and to carburetors for enriching gas by addition of hydrocarbons thereto.

Manufactured gas isirequently produced by alternately blasting a bed of incandescent coal or coke with air and steam whereby water gas is generated. When the bed of 10 carbon is being blasted with air ,the resulting gas consists largely of carbon monoxide which is burned 'in a gas carburetor to raise the carburetor to the propertemperature. In the second or water gas producing phase of the operation the bed of coal is blasted with steam andthe water gas produced passed 1:0

the carburetor where oil is sprayed into the hot water gas. The high temperatureot the carburetor decomposes the oil into hydrocarbon gases which are added to the gas leaving the carburetor, and give it the necessary illuminating qualities. Producer-gas is similarly made usin instead of steam. 5

In the enriching or carbuneti-on of the lean gas, as Ordinarily carried out the combustible gas is passedinto thecarburetor-so that a" part of, theoi'l is blown against the Walls of the carburetor and decomposed, toimingsoot or tar, which interferes with the operation of the carburetor, results in a wasteof the oil being introduced and requires frequent cleaning of the carburetor. 'a

Furthermore, when combustible gasis introduced at one side of the carburetor the caribureting oil is not uniformly mixed with the incoming gas so that it is necessaryto employ :wn excess oi the oil in order to be sure that'rthe resulting gas will have the proper illuminating qualities throughout. 7

Oneof the objects of the invention is to eliminate waste of'the carbureting oil and decrease the :Eormation of soot and tar in the carburetor. f

Another object of the present invention is to unitorm'ly distribute theicar'bureting :oil throughout the fuel gas with which it is mixed.

An important feature of the present inmention, in the form illustrated, resides in g air or carbon dioxide certain constructions.bymeans of which the, combustible gas to be carbureted is introduced intothe carburetor in such a manner as to prevent the canbureting :oil from coming into contact wit'h'the heated walls of the carburetor and effect a pro v r mixing ofthe combustible gas and enric ing products.- J

Other features of "the invention reside in novel constructions and (combinations: more fullyipset forth hereafter, The invention, will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, which illufirates a preferred embodiment," and in which-+ I "Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewof :a gas carburetor embodying the invention;

"Figure 2 isa'diagrammatic top plan viewi representation of an annular con-duitthrough which the gas to, be 'carbureted passes into the carburetor. T'

Figure 3 is'a similar representation of 1a modification from the form or annular Iconduit shown in Figure 2';-and l Figure 4 is a representation similar to Figure 2 of a f-urthervmodification from the form of annular conduit shown in Figure 2. I

In accordance with the present invention as illustrated in Fig-urell", 'acarburetor of any suitable construction'is "provided having walls 1 composed of firebrickfi or other .re-

fractoiy material and having an upper end '3 which may be cone-shaped'and into an oil pipe l passes'having'an outlet 5 including a suitable nozzle for introducing the oarbureting oil into the ncoming COI'HbItSlTI ble gas in the form of a fine spray. The car- .b 'IetOIf' mayconta-in checker work orfire-v br'ick if desired, but such checker work, etc, it used, must not be in the path of the spray,

and suliicient unobstructed space must :be

provided to allow conversion of the sprayed gasfbefore the ache-clrer work, etc), is encountered.

The combustible gas f'no-m the gas producer, vs

water gas" generator, or any other desired appara-tus for manufacturing fuelgas -:(not

shown) passes to the carburetor throughianinlet pipe 6 to 'be mixed with the carburetiug oil and the enriched gas passes "outof the carv buretor through the outlet 7. air inlet 8 so liquidinto gas, but not necessarily a hired may be provided for introducing air tobe mixed with the a1r blast gas containing carbon monoxlde gas produced during the first phase ofv the gas-making operation to support combustion of this gas and raise the carburetor to the desired operating temperature. Y l

In orderthat the combustible gas entering the carburetor during the second phase of the gas-making operation may be prevented from coming into contact with'thewalls ofthe carburetor and at the same time thoroughly and uniformly mixed with the illuminating hydrocarbons produced by the decomposition of the carbureting oil introduced through the inlet 5,'the incoming com-.

bustible gas from'the inlet pipe 6 is passed 7 into an annular conduit 9 from which it passes through the downwardly-sloping passageway 10 into the carburetor. in the'form of a cone-shaped stream of gas directed to ward the center of the carburetor and towardthe incoming spray of carbureting oil. A

By so directing the incoming combustible gas that the 'ca'rburetin g oil is swept toward the center of the carburetor and away from the incandescent or highly heated walls of proper illuminating qualities conduit at: points the carburetor the formation of soot or tar in the chamber is materially lessened, At

thesame time a thorough intermingling of the' combustible gas wlth the illuminating creasing volume of the annular conduit as the distance from the radially-extending inlet 6 is increased. This even distribution of theincoininggas may be effected in any suitable manner and as illustratedin Figureg the combustible gas may be introduced tangentially intothe annular conduit 9 from the inlet pipe 6 andcaused to enter the chamber at all sides of the carburetor as a result of t he;decreasing cross-section of the annular .farther'. from the inlet pipe 6. I

Figure 4 the passageway 10 As shown in through which the combustible gas passes from the conduit 9 into the carburetor maybe provided with deflecting members 15 for giving to the incoming combustible gasa swirling circular motion'in the carburetor to increase the distance of travel ofthe spray carrying gases before contacting with the walls of the chamber. This circular motion 7 should, of course, be such as to further assist "motion.

' indirecting the oil spray away from the walls of the'carburetor and in intimately mingling the combustible gas and ca-rbureting oil and obviously should not be such as to exert a violent centrifugal action which would separate the oil from the gas, or drive the gas stream in which the, oilis entrained against the walls ofi'th'e chamber. Any such violent centrifugal action would, of course, defeat the very purpose of the swirling or circular The passageway 10 need not be in the form shown and may'not direct the combustible gasinto the carburetor in a cone-shaped stream, but the passageway may be divided into a plurality of ports spaced as desired. Thedesign and construction oft-he annular conduit as wen as the passageways 10 may take any suitable form but the incoming com.-

bustible gas should be supplied to thecara I buretor in such amanner as to cause the carbureting oilbeing sprayed into the carburetor 7 to be swept away from the walls of the carburetor.

If several oil-spraying inlets are provided. the'shape and construction of the combustible gasdistributing conduit and passageways may be considerably altered from-that, shown in the drawing in orderito effect the proper distribution of the incoming, gas with reference toeach of a plurality of;carbur eting oil inlet s.-- f 1 I It is tobe understood that the inventionzis not limited to the particular construction shown but may take numerous other forms than that usedlby way of illustration without departing from the scope of'the invention as defined by the claims. Y I p 7 In the accompanying claims .I, haveiused the word"streamto include theflow; of gas e which is utilized for holding the spray of oil away from the walls of the carbureting chamber. ;,I have used this word inclusively to cover a flow of gas from several jets or from a single continuous passage. The word gas I have used in the accompanying claims in its strict sense to include the gaseous. phase whether condensable at ordinary tempera tures or so-called fixed gases which remain inthe gaseous phase even at relative-low temperatures. For the sake oflbrevity in the claims I have usedthe phraseqiighly heated to describe the range of temperatures sufficiently high to convert the greaterwpart of the liquid hydrocarbons into gas. i What is claimed as new is: l V l. Agasi carburetor for introducing enriching hydrocarbons into combustible; gas which comprises a chamber, a carbureting-oil inlet forspraying oil into saidchainber, and

one or more passageways through which oombustible gas to be carbureted may beipassed into said chamber at a plurality of points so positioned about said carbureting-oil inlet that the ,spray'will be entrained by the gases eeann flowing from said passageways and carried thereby toward the center of the chamber bgforecontacting with any of the walls there- 0 r 2. A gas carburetor for introducing enriching hydrocarbons into combustible gas which comprises a chamber, a carbureting tralspace of said chamber, a conduit sur rounding said carbureting-oil inlet, and at least one passageway from the said conduit to said chamber through which combustible gas to be carbureted may be passed into the chamber from points surrounding the spray and in a direction so related to the spray of oil as to urge it away from the walls of the chamber.

3. A gas carburetor for introducing enriching hydrocarbons into combustible gas which comprises a chamber, a carbureting-oil v inlet in said chamber, an annular conduit for distributing combustible gas to be carbureted about said chamber, said conduitbecoming graduallyosmaller in cross-section from the inlet to said conduit to the diametrically opposite' part of said conduit, and a passageway for introducing the combustible gas to be carbureted from said conduit into said carburetor at a plurality of points about said carbureting oil inlet, and spaced circumferentially on said conduit.

4. A gas carburetor for introducing enriching hydrocarbons into combustible, gas which comprises a chamber, a conduit for distributing combustible gas to be carbureted about said chamber, a passageway for introducing the fuel gas to be carbureted into said carburetor at a plurality of points about said carbureting-oil inlet, means for giving the incoming combustible gas a rotary motion as it enters said carburetor from said conduit, means for introducing a spray of carbureting oil into said chamber substantially at the axis of rotation of the combustible gas.

5. A gas carburetor for introducing enriching hydrocarbons into combustible gas which comprises a carbureting chamber, a carbureting-oil inlet in the upper end of said chamber, a combustible gas inlet pipe for conducting combustible gas to be carbureted to said carbureting chamber, a distributing chamber connected with said combustible gas inlet pipe, and provided with passageways adapted to impart a cone shape to the stream of gas which enters the carbureting chamber around the carbureting oil inlet from said distributing chamber and to direct said stream away from the walls of said carbureting chamber. 7

,6.- The method of enriching combustible gas by the addition of heavy hydrocarbons which comprises establishing ablast of combustible'gases at a temperature suilicient to convert said hydrocarbons into gas, maingases by the additionlof heavy hydrocarbons taining around said blast of hot gases a relablast, entraining said spray in'the gases: of

said blast, and passing said gases through an unobstructed sp aceand' away from thecon- I fining 'walls, until the enriching material is oil inlet adapted for spraying oil into a cen-f substantially entirely converted' into gas.

7. The method of enriching combustible which comprises establishing a blast of the gas at a temperature adapted to convert the enriching material into gas, spraying the enriching material into said blast of gas, entrainingsaid spray into said blast and creating turbulence in the gases in which said spray is entrained, and preventing said entrained spray from contacting with walls or other solid obstructions until said spray is substantially entirely converted into gas.

8. The method of enriching combustible gases which comprises establishing a blast of the combustible gas at a temperature sub:

stantially abovethat at which the hydrocarbon oil used for enriching isconverted into gas, entraining the hydrocarbon oil in said.

blast, and maintaining the gases ofsaid blast so long as they contain liquid hydrocarbons away from surfacesheated to temperatures which would cause decomposition of the liquid hydrocarbons. I I

9. The method as defined in claim 8, in

which the blast of gas is established in a larger body of'gas contained within a chamber the walls of which radiate heat into said as. 10. The method of enriching combustible gases by addition of a hydrocarbon oil which comprises maintaining the combustible gas at temperatures sufficient to convert the oil into gas, heating a chamber having a substantially unobstructed vaporizing-space, directing the hot gas into said chamber in a stream Y different parts of which converge toward a point below the points at which the stream enters the chamber, andspraying the hydro carbon oil into the vaporizing space between converging portions of the stream.-

11. The method of enriching combustible gasesby addition of a hydrocarbon oil which comprises heating to a temperature adapted to convert enriching oils into gas, a vaporizing chamber having a substantially unobstructed vaporizing space, spraying the. enriching oil into said vaporizing space, and establishing substantially on all sides of said spray a stream of gas which is adapted to hold said spray away from the heated walls of said chamber until the oil is substantially all converted into gas, said gas being at a temperature adapted to convert substantially all of said oil into gas.

12. The process as defined in claim 11 in which the stream of gas is given a rotary motion within said chamber "'insufiicien'tfto drive the stream against the chamber walls and the spray of oil is directed into said, chamber nearfthe axis of rotation of said stream. 7 Signed at New York, N. Y.,"this 5th day of December, 1927.' :1 -3

'HORAGE TYLER DYER.- 

